MySql安装和配置

1. 安装mysql

sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-server

2. 配置mysql

运行 security script

sudo mysql_secure_installation

根据提示进行一些必要的配置

进入mysql

sudo mysql

接下来，通过以下命令检查每个 MySQL 用户帐户使用的认证方法：

SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;

在输出中

+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| user             | authentication_string                     | plugin                | host      |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| root             |                                           | auth_socket           | localhost |
| mysql.session    | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| debian-sys-maint | *E6CD266C880D217453293A0247D0142C9CF52730 | mysql_native_password | localhost |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+

可以看出，root用户使用插件进行身份验证（进入时不需要输入密码）。如果想要root用户使用密码登陆，可使用如下命令进行配置：

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'password';

将上面的password更改为你想要设置的密码

这条命令完成后，使用如下命令重新刷新配置：

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

再次检查用户认证方法

SELECT user,authentication_string,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;

输出为：

+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| user             | authentication_string                     | plugin                | host      |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
| root             | *35235E6B287036E68CD22314AFE8D80A0BB26D79 | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.session    | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE | mysql_native_password | localhost |
| debian-sys-maint | *E6CD266C880D217453293A0247D0142C9CF52730 | mysql_native_password | localhost |
+------------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+-----------+

3. 新建一个用户

新建一个用户

CREATE USER 'sammy'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

localhost表示只允许本地访问，如果想要允许远程访问，可使用’user'@'%'， %表示所有网络。

更改用户权限

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'sammy'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;

这里需要注意的一点是，我们不需要再使用FLUSH PRIVILEGES;来刷新配置，因为只有在grant表上进行过INSERT, UPDATE, 或者DELETE之后才需要用到FLUSH PRIVILEGES;。Because you created a new user, instead of modifying an existing one, FLUSH PRIVILEGES is unnecessary here.

退出

exit

4. Test Mysql

检查mysql服务状态

systemctl status mysql.service

输出为：

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-02-20 16:09:11 CST; 27min ago
  Process: 31328 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 31319 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 31330 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 28 (limit: 2341)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─31330 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

1. 安装mysql#

2. 配置mysql#

3. 新建一个用户#

4. Test Mysql#

1. 安装mysql

2. 配置mysql

3. 新建一个用户

4. Test Mysql